{"id":238625,"date":"2026-10-22T05:28:02","date_gmt":"2026-10-22T05:28:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pradeshkhabar.in\/?p=238625"},"modified":"2026-10-22T05:31:15","modified_gmt":"2026-10-22T05:31:15","slug":"chandrayaan-1-anniversary-2008-%e0%a4%ae%e0%a5%87%e0%a4%82-%e0%a4%87%e0%a4%b8%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%8b-%e0%a4%a8%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%88%e0%a4%b8%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%9a%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%87%e0%a4%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pradeshkhabar.in\/?p=238625","title":{"rendered":"\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 \u0915\u0947 2008 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0949\u0928\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092f\u093e\u0926, \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093f\u090f \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0940"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"003114dc7055be2a592b466f436a5748\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<a href=\"https:\/\/ad7.in\/pradeshkhabar\/ad_apply.php\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-230585 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/pradeshkhabar.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/WhatsApp-Image-2024-12-23-at-6.15.37-PM-1024x146.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"114\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pradeshkhabar.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/WhatsApp-Image-2024-12-23-at-6.15.37-PM-1024x146.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/pradeshkhabar.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/WhatsApp-Image-2024-12-23-at-6.15.37-PM-300x43.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/pradeshkhabar.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/WhatsApp-Image-2024-12-23-at-6.15.37-PM-768x110.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/pradeshkhabar.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/WhatsApp-Image-2024-12-23-at-6.15.37-PM-1536x219.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/pradeshkhabar.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/WhatsApp-Image-2024-12-23-at-6.15.37-PM-2048x292.jpeg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a>\n<\/div>\n<p><!DOCTYPE html><br \/>\n<html lang=\"hi\"><br \/>\n<head><br \/>\n    <meta charset=\"UTF-8\"><br \/>\n    <meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"><br \/>\n    <title>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0917\u093e\u0902\u0920 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938<\/title><\/p>\n<style>\n        :root {\n            --primary-color: #0b3c5d;\n            --secondary-color: #328cc1;\n            --accent-color: #d9b310;\n            --bg-color: #f4f7f6;\n            --card-bg: #ffffff;\n            --text-color: #2b2d42;\n            --border-color: #e0e0e0;\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        body {\n            font-family: 'Segoe UI', Arial, sans-serif;\n            line-height: 1.8;\n            background-color: var(--bg-color);\n            color: var(--text-color);\n            margin: 0;\n            padding: 20px;\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        .container {\n            max-width: 1000px;\n            margin: 0 auto;\n            background-color: var(--card-bg);\n            padding: 40px;\n            border-radius: 12px;\n            box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        h1 {\n            color: var(--primary-color);\n            font-size: 2.2rem;\n            border-bottom: 3px solid var(--secondary-color);\n            padding-bottom: 12px;\n            margin-bottom: 25px;\n            line-height: 1.4;\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        h2 {\n            color: var(--secondary-color);\n            font-size: 1.6rem;\n            margin-top: 35px;\n            margin-bottom: 15px;\n            border-left: 5px solid var(--primary-color);\n            padding-left: 12px;\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        h3 {\n            color: var(--primary-color);\n            font-size: 1.25rem;\n            margin-top: 25px;\n            margin-bottom: 10px;\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        p {\n            margin-bottom: 20px;\n            font-size: 1.05rem;\n            text-align: justify;\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        .social-box {\n            background-color: #f0f4f8;\n            border-left: 4px solid var(--secondary-color);\n            padding: 20px;\n            border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0;\n            margin: 25px 0;\n            font-style: italic;\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        .social-header {\n            font-weight: bold;\n            color: var(--primary-color);\n            margin-bottom: 8px;\n            font-style: normal;\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        .highlight-grid {\n            display: grid;\n            grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));\n            gap: 20px;\n            margin: 30px 0;\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        .grid-card {\n            background: #ffffff;\n            border: 1px solid var(--border-color);\n            border-radius: 8px;\n            padding: 20px;\n            box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.04);\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        .grid-card h4 {\n            margin-top: 0;\n            color: var(--secondary-color);\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        ul, ol {\n            margin-bottom: 25px;\n            padding-left: 25px;\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        li {\n            margin-bottom: 10px;\n            font-size: 1.05rem;\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        table {\n            width: 100%;\n            border-collapse: collapse;\n            margin: 30px 0;\n            font-size: 1rem;\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        table th, table td {\n            border: 1px solid var(--border-color);\n            padding: 12px 15px;\n            text-align: left;\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        table th {\n            background-color: var(--primary-color);\n            color: #ffffff;\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        table tr:nth-child(even) {\n            background-color: #f9f9f9;\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        .key-takeaways {\n            background-color: #fff9e6;\n            border: 1px solid #ffe58f;\n            padding: 20px;\n            border-radius: 8px;\n            margin: 30px 0;\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        .key-takeaways h3 {\n            color: #8a6d3b;\n            margin-top: 0;\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        footer {\n            margin-top: 50px;\n            padding-top: 20px;\n            border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);\n            text-align: center;\n            font-size: 0.9rem;\n            color: #666;\n        }<\/p>\n<p>        @media (max-width: 768px) {\n            .container {\n                padding: 20px;\n            }\n            h1 {\n                font-size: 1.8rem;\n            }\n            h2 {\n                font-size: 1.3rem;\n            }\n        }\n    <\/style>\n<p><\/head><br \/>\n<body><\/p>\n<div class=\"container\">\n<h1>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 \u0915\u0940 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0949\u0928\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0917\u093e\u0902\u0920: \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094b\u0936\u0932 \u092e\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093f\u092e \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938<\/h1>\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 (INC) \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094b\u0936\u0932 \u092e\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0921\u0932 (@INCIndia) \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 &#8216;\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1&#8217; \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092b\u0932 \u0932\u0949\u0928\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0917\u093e\u0902\u0920 \u092a\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092a\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u0947 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f 22 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0942\u092c\u0930 2008 \u0915\u094b \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0921\u0949. \u092e\u0928\u092e\u094b\u0939\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0917\u0920\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 (UPA) \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n<div class=\"social-box\">\n<div class=\"social-header\">Congress (@INCIndia) \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094b\u0936\u0932 \u092e\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092a\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f:<\/div>\n<p>&#8220;On this day in 2008, India launched Chandrayaan-1, its first unmanned lunar mission, under the Congress-led UPA govt of PM Dr. Manmohan Singh. This historic ISRO achievement marked a defining milestone in India&#8217;s scientific progress and space exploration journey.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 (ISRO) \u0915\u0940 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u0907\u0902\u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930 \u0921\u0947\u0935\u0932\u092a\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0940 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u092e\u0947\u0932 \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0921\u093e\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u092e\u094b\u0921\u093c \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u092a\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0937\u0923 (Deep Space Exploration) \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u092a\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0916\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h2>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928: \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941 \u0914\u0930 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0920\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f<\/h2>\n<p>22 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0942\u092c\u0930 2008 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0902\u0927\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u091f\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0924\u0940\u0936 \u0927\u0935\u0928 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 (SDSC) \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u092c\u0939 06:22 \u092c\u091c\u0947 (IST) \u0907\u0938\u0930\u094b \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u092e\u0902\u0926 \u0930\u0949\u0915\u0947\u091f PSLV-C11 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0935\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0910\u0938\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0925\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0916\u0917\u094b\u0932\u0940\u092f \u092a\u093f\u0902\u0921 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight-grid\">\n<div class=\"grid-card\">\n<h4>\u0932\u0949\u0928\u094d\u091a \u0924\u093f\u0925\u093f \u0935 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928<\/h4>\n<p><strong>22 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0942\u092c\u0930 2008<\/strong><br \/>\u0938\u0924\u0940\u0936 \u0927\u0935\u0928 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930, \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u091f\u093e (\u0906\u0902\u0927\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936)\u0964<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-card\">\n<h4>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a\u0923 \u092f\u093e\u0928 (Rocket)<\/h4>\n<p><strong>PSLV-C11<\/strong> (\u0927\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0935\u0940\u092f \u0909\u092a\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a\u0923 \u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923)\u0964<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-card\">\n<h4>\u0924\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0907\u0938\u0930\u094b \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937<\/h4>\n<p><strong>\u091c\u0940. \u092e\u093e\u0927\u0935\u0928 \u0928\u093e\u092f\u0930<\/strong> (G. Madhavan Nair) (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930: \u092e\u092f\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0932\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0926\u0941\u0930\u0908)\u0964<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-card\">\n<h4>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935<\/h4>\n<p><strong>\u0921\u0949. \u092e\u0928\u092e\u094b\u0939\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939<\/strong> (\u0924\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940, UPA \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930)\u0964<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e 1999 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u090f\u0915\u0947\u0921\u092e\u0940 \u0911\u092b \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0938\u0947\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0932\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 2003 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u091f\u0932 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u091c\u092a\u0947\u092f\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0914\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0918\u094b\u0937\u0923\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924, 2004 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0942\u092a\u0940\u090f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0921\u0949. \u092e\u0928\u092e\u094b\u0939\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0922\u093e\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 2008 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0915 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h2>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0916\u094b\u091c: \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0923\u0941\u0913\u0902 (Water Molecules) \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f<\/h2>\n<p>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u092f\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0915\u093f \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u0947\u091c\u0947 \u0917\u090f \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0932 (OH) \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0923\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u091a\u094c\u0902\u0915\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n<h3>\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3):<\/strong> \u0928\u093e\u0938\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 \u092a\u0930 \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0921 \u0928\u0947 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0927\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0935\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0930\u094d\u092b \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0923\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0932 \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u091c \u0915\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>Moon Impact Probe (MIP):<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0942\u0928 \u0907\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092c, \u091c\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0924\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0917\u093e \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e, 14 \u0928\u0935\u0902\u092c\u0930 2008 \u0915\u094b \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0927\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0935 (\u0936\u0948\u0915\u0932\u091f\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938) \u0938\u0947 \u091f\u0915\u0930\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0917\u093f\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092a\u0924\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 (Exosphere) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u090f\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>SARA (Sub-keV Atom Reflecting Analyzer):<\/strong> \u0907\u0938\u0930\u094b \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u0938 \u090f\u091c\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 (ESA) \u0915\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u094c\u0930 \u0939\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0930\u0939\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u0916\u094b\u091c \u0928\u0947 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u091c\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092c\u0926\u0932 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0906\u091c \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e (NASA), \u091a\u0940\u0928 (CNSA) \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0942\u0938 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u091c\u0947\u0902\u0938\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u092c\u0947\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u092f\u0939\u0940 \u0916\u094b\u091c \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h2>\u092f\u0942\u092a\u0940\u090f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u0949. \u092e\u0928\u092e\u094b\u0939\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0922\u093e\u0902\u091a\u093e<\/h2>\n<p>\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u092a\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0942\u092a\u0940\u090f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0940 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 2004 \u0938\u0947 2014 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0921\u0949. \u092e\u0928\u092e\u094b\u0939\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 (R&#038;D) \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0930\u0923\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093f\u090f:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u092c\u091c\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0924\u093e:<\/strong> \u0907\u0938\u0930\u094b \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u091c\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0902\u091c\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930 386 \u0915\u0930\u094b\u0921\u093c \u0930\u0941\u092a\u092f\u0947 (\u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 54 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0921\u0949\u0932\u0930) \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u092c\u091c\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0902\u091c\u093e\u092e \u0926\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0928\u0947 &#8216;\u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928&#8217; (Cost-Effective Space Research) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0930\u093f\u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917:<\/strong> \u092f\u0942\u092a\u0940\u090f \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u090f\u091c\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u093e\u0938\u093e (NASA), \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u0938 \u090f\u091c\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 (ESA) \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0917\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u090f\u0915\u0947\u0921\u092e\u0940 \u0911\u092b \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0938\u0947\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 5 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0921 \u0914\u0930 6 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0921 \u0932\u0947 \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0915\u0926\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u094b \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u092d\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u0902\u0935 (Mangalyaan \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0936\u093f\u0932\u093e):<\/strong> \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0939\u0940 \u092f\u0942\u092a\u0940\u090f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0947 2012 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940 \u092e\u0902\u0917\u0932\u092f\u093e\u0928 (Mars Orbiter Mission) \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0902\u091c\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u0940, \u091c\u094b 2013 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 2014 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0902\u0917\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930 \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr>\n<h2>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0921 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 (Payload)<\/th>\n<th>\u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e<\/th>\n<th>\u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \/ \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Terrain Mapping Camera (TMC)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>ISRO (\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924)<\/td>\n<td>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a-\u0938\u0902\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a (High-Resolution) 3D \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u092e\u0948\u092a\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Moon Impact Probe (MIP)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>ISRO (\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924)<\/td>\n<td>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0927\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0935 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u091f\u0915\u0930\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>NASA \/ JPL (\u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e)<\/td>\n<td>\u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0932 \u0905\u0923\u0941\u0913\u0902 (Water Molecules) \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Hyper Spectral Imager (HySI)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>ISRO (\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924)<\/td>\n<td>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923\u0964<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>SARA<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>ISRO \/ ESA (\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0935 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a)<\/td>\n<td>\u0938\u094c\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923\u0964<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>RADOM-7<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Bulgarian Academy of Sciences<\/td>\n<td>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0938\u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0930\u0923 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 (Radiation Environment) \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928\u0964<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr>\n<h2>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0938<\/h2>\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u091c\u0928\u0924\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0940 (\u092d\u093e\u091c\u092a\u093e) \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092f (Credit) \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0921\u093c \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937:<\/strong> \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u092a\u0902\u0921\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u0935\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0932\u093e\u0932 \u0928\u0947\u0939\u0930\u0942 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e 1962 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 &#8216;INCOSPAR&#8217; \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 1969 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0930\u094b \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1, \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-2 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0902\u0917\u0932\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0940\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0925\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b UPA \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0949\u0928\u094d\u091a \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930\u0942\u0922\u093c \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937 (\u092d\u093e\u091c\u092a\u093e) \u0915\u093e \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923:<\/strong> \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f 2014 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u094b \u0917\u0924\u093f, \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u0940\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u0938 \u0930\u093f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0930\u094b \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u0908 \u090a\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923 2023 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-3 \u0915\u0940 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0927\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0935 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u092b\u0932 \u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f 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\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928, \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr>\n<h2>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-3 \u0924\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092b\u0930<\/h2>\n<p>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u091c\u094b \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0926\u094b \u0926\u0936\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e:<\/p>\n<div class=\"key-takeaways\">\n<h3>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e:<\/h3>\n<p><strong>1. \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 (2008):<\/strong> \u0911\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093f\u091f\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928\u0964 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0916\u094b\u091c \u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u094d\u0932\u092c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-2 (2019):<\/strong> \u0911\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093f\u091f\u0930, \u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921\u0930 (\u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e) \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u094b\u0935\u0930 (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928) \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0948\u0938 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093f \u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0911\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093f\u091f\u0930 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both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0917\u093e\u0902\u0920 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 \u0915\u0940 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0949\u0928\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0917\u093e\u0902\u0920: \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094b\u0936\u0932 \u092e\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093f\u092e \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 (INC) \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094b\u0936\u0932 \u092e\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0921\u0932 (@INCIndia) \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 &#8216;\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1&#8217; \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092b\u0932 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